EBS 2025학년도 수능특강 영어독해연습 Mini Test 1 필자의 주장~어휘문제

2025학년도 수능특강 영어독해연습 Mini Test 1 필자의 주장~어휘문제들을 Keywords, phrases, clauses, sentences을 찾은 후 글의 내용 파악해서 문제풀이를 하겠습니다.

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< 구: 두 단어 이상 > [ 절: 접주동 ]

구안에 절이 들어갈 수 도 절안에 구가 들어갈 수도 있다. 덩어리를 잘 묶어 보면 문장이 어렵지 않게 보이기 시작한다.

< 명사구 > [ 명사절 ] < 형용사구 > [ 형용사절 ] < 부사구 > [ 부사절 ]

 

고딕체와 밑줄만 잘 보면 답이 보인다

 

역대 대통령들의 출신 고등학교, 대학교, 대학원과 명예박사

[문제] 3 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

Everything [you do] is a part of your life. You may not have any bigger plans or purpose in life but you sure have many smaller purposes which you keep building on. If you are happy painting, just do it. You might get bored on some days and that is the time when you stop doing it. You might want to learn golf now. No one is stopping you. Life doesn’t have anything destined for you. If you feel happy doing something, just go ahead with it and disassociate yourself with all miseries. These smaller things [you do] help you make the most of your lives. Do everything that makes you happy; just make sure it falls into the definition of morality. That is your purpose. Can you see it? Being happy is the only thing we go after in our lives. Don’t let any hindrances and doubts come between you and that goal. Just pursue it.

* hindrance: 장애물

① 행복 추구를 넘어서는 삶의 의미를 찾아야 한다.

② 행복을 위한 일상의 작은 일들을 실행해야 한다.

③ 목표로 삼은 일은 작든 크든 끝까지 해나가야 한다.

④ 올바른 일을 할 때는 남의 시선을 의식하지 말아야 한다.

⑤ 다양한 취미 활동을 통해 일과 생활의 균형을 맞추어야 한다.

 

[문제] 4 밑줄 친 the show must go on이 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

Discipline is an indispensable part of group activities like team sports, math class, or glee club. You certainly couldn’t run an army without discipline, or a restaurant, or a cardiology department. Discipline is a wonderful thing. What it provides is an impersonal framework for coordinating the efforts of many unrelated individuals to maximize the integrity of the product — whether the product is singing on key, providing medical care, or learning algebra. The individual quirks of the participants need to be submerged and kept in line by those in administrative authority. Unfortunately, the rare individual who just won’t fly right needs to be disciplined. Not every army recruit, math student, or horn player is going to make the grade. A decent-hearted band leader, math teacher, or department chairperson will do his best to respond to the problem individual with fair-mindedness, but eventually the show must go on.

* glee club: 학생 합창단 ** cardiology department: 심장내과 *** quirk: (사람의 성격에서) 별난 점

① We should focus on the process over outcomes.

② It must be decided how much discipline is too much.

③ We should be considerate of the individual differences.

④ Leaders must have innate qualities that followers do not have.

⑤ The goals of group activity must be achieved despite difficulties.

 

규율이 포함한 선택지와 집단 활동이 포함한 선택지를 답으로 할 것인지를 잘 봐야 한다. 글의 내용은 집단을 이끄는 사람은 규율을 통해 결과가 이루어지도록 하여야 한다이다. 따라서 얼마만큼의 규율이 지나치는지를 결정해야 한다와 집단 활동의 목표는 어려움에도 불구하고 이루어져야 한다에서 답을 선택하면 된다.

 

[문제] 5 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

The lack of anonymity and distance in the village makes it difficult (for people) to dissent [because they can be easily identified and ‘taught a lesson’ by the dominant sections]. Moreover, the relative power of the dominant sections is much more because they control most avenues of employment, and most resources of all kinds. So the poor have to depend on the dominant sections since there are no alternative sources of employment or support. Given the small population, it is also very difficult to gather large numbers, particularly since efforts towards this cannot be hidden from the powerful and are very quickly suppressed. So, if there is a strong power structure already in place in a village, it is very difficult to remove it. Changes in the sense of shifts in power are thus slow and late to arrive in rural areas because the social order is stronger and more resilient.

* anonymity: 익명성 ** dissent: 이의를 제기하다 *** resilient: 회복력이 있는

① 시골 지역 인구 감소의 주요 원인은 일자리 부족 문제이다.

② 시골 지역의 열악한 사회 기반 시설을 개선하는 것이 시급하다.

③ 시골 지역의 비어 있는 시설을 효과적으로 활용할 필요가 있다.

④ 시골 지역은 유력한 세력의 지배력이 강해 권력 이동이 느리다.

⑤ 시골 지역은 법보다 관습이 우선시되는 경향이 도시보다 강하다.

 

[문제] 6 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?

“The essence of metaphor,” say Lakoff and Johnson, “is understanding and experiencing one kind of thing in terms of another.” Donald Schön calls this “seeing-as” and draws our attention to the way in which some metaphors — generative metaphor, in his terminology — can be essential aids to innovation and problemsolving. He describes a group of product engineers puzzling over a new paintbrush with synthetic bristles. The synthetic paintbrush was not performing well — “gloppy” was one word used to describe how it delivered paint — and the engineers had tried various strategies to make the new brush’s performance comparable to that of natural bristle brushes. The breakthrough came when one engineer reflected, “You know, a paintbrush is a kind of pump!” By seeing a paintbrush as a pump, the engineers moved their focus from the bristles themselves to the channels between the bristles and how the paint flowed through the channels. The paintbrush-as-pump metaphor was generative in the sense that it led to a new way of seeing the problem, and this new framing generated a new and successful solution. This is one very powerful form of human meaning-making.

* synthetic: 인조의 ** bristle: 강모(剛毛), 뻣뻣한 털 *** gloppy: 찐득거리는

① difficulties of transforming old metaphors into new ones

② problems of comparing the performance of paintbrushes

③ influence of expanding word lists in metaphorical thinking

④ effectiveness of metaphors in discovering innovative solutions

⑤ importance of maintaining objectivity in generating metaphors

 

비유에 관한 글 내용으로 비유는 문제를 보는 새로운 눈을 뜨게 한다의 글  내용을 이해하면 답이 보인다.

[문제] 7 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Even if you’re not a rock star and don’t always live on the edge, your own fast or slow tendencies are likely etched deep into your psychology. Animal research has found that tendencies <formed during childhood> are most likely to surface in times of stress and uncertainty. In studies with Bonnet macaques, for example, adult monkeys respond to stress very differently depending on their childhood environment. After the monkeys were born, researchers had placed them in different environments. Some were raised in stable and predictable environments (their mothers could obtain food every day in the same place in a predictable manner). Other monkeys were placed in fluctuating environments (the researchers kept switching the locations of their food supply, so that the mothers didn’t know how, where, or when they were going to find food each day). When the monkeys grew up and were exposed to stress as adults, those <reared in a consistent and predictable environment> coped well and explored multiple ways to deal with the situation; those <reared in fluctuating and unpredictable environments> panicked.

* etch: 새기다 ** Bonnet macaque: 보닛원숭이(인도산의 작은 원숭이) *** fluctuating: 변동하는

① Childhood Environment and Gender Gaps in Adulthood

② Childcare in Fluctuating and Unpredictable Environments

③ Overcoming Anxiety in a World of Stress and Uncertainty

④ Accepting Your Needs: A Strategy for Dealing With Stress

⑤ Adult Responses to Stressful Situations: Formed in Childhood

 

[문제] 12 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Most marine fishing requires the use of a craft on which to go to sea, together with nets, hooks and traps ① to catch the fish. The casual observer normally sees only the craft on the shore or at sea. Fishing craft of the small-scale fishing communities of the world are ② marked by a vast diversity of design. This is sometimes attributed to the ‘insular’ nature of many coastal communities that have given rise to ③ culturally conditioned variations in the construction of traditional fishing craft. Cultural influences have certainly played an important role in features such as colours and the shape of the sails. But two major constraining factors also influence the technical design of fishing craft. The first is the availability of appropriate woods or other construction materials such as reeds or bamboo. The second is the set of location-specific physical oceanographic factors, <including the structure, the texture, and the slope of the sea bottom and the nature of the surf and waves ④ approaches the coast>. It is these factors, rather than cultural insularity, ⑤ that largely explain the diversity of craft-building traditions.

* insular: 고립된, 배타적인 ** reed: 갈대 *** oceanographic: 해양학적인

 

부사구 안에서 동사가 필요 없다 따라서 형용사의 쓰임의 능동의 현재 분사 approaching으로 고쳐야 한다.

 

[문제] 13 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

Humans are clearly gregarious, but they do not associate with one another in ways [that embrace all the members of the species in a particular area]. Smaller groups are formed which include some members and exclude others. People like to be close to those who are similar to themselves in certain respects, but they prefer to be distant from those who are different; human gregariousness is quite severely limited in its ① scope. In a word, humans discriminate. They ② prefer association with others of the same occupation, socioeconomic class or status, religion, language, nationality, race, colour, and so on. This is the source of some of the most serious problems facing human societies. Some ③ limited associations are much more important in this respect than others. If the tool-and-die makers of a city form an ④ exclusive recreational association it creates few, if any, social problems, but if white residents form white-only residential areas or school districts that is a different matter. Man’s ⑤ infinite gregariousness is not, in itself, a social problem, but certain kinds of discrimination are sources of conflict and hostility that are dysfunctional for the collectivity.

* gregarious: 무리를 이루어 사는, 군거하는 ** tool-and-die maker: 공구 및 금형 제작자

*** dysfunctional: 기능을 해치는

 

인간의 제한된 범위의 집단성의 글 내용으로 무한이 아닌 제한된 집단성으로 infinite를 limited로 바꾸어야 한다.