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2023년 11월 고2 모의고사 33번, 34번 빈칸문제

by 케미1004 2024. 1. 11.

 

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2023년 11월 고2 모의고사  빈칸문제 풀이에 대해 알아보겠습니다.

 

33.

Correlations are powerful because the insights they offer are relatively clear. These insights are often covered up when we bring causality back into the picture. For instance, a used-car dealer supplied data to statisticians to predict which of the vehicles available for purchase at an auction were likely to have problems. A correlation analysis showed that orange-colored cars were far less likely to have defects. Even as we read this, we already think about why it might be so: Are orange-colored car owners likely to be car enthusiasts and take better care of their vehicles? Or, is it because orange-colored cars are more noticeable on the road and therefore less likely to be in accidents, so they’re in better condition when resold? Quickly we are caught in a web of competing causal hypotheses. But our attempts to illuminate things this way only make them cloudier. Correlations exist; we can show them mathematically. We can’t easily do the same for causal links. So we would do well to _______________________. [3]

 

stay away from simply accepting the data as they are

point out every phenomenon in light of cause and effect

apply a psychological approach to color preferences

admit that correlations are within the framework of causality

hold off from trying to explain the reason behind the correlations

 

상관관계 (correlation)

상관관계는 두 가지 사건에 연관성이 존재하는 상태임을 의미한다. 그러나 그 연관성이 직접적인 원인이 존재하고 그에 따른 결과인 것인지는 알 수 없다. 즉, 변수 A가 변화하면 B도 변화할 수 있고, 변화 안할 수 도 있고, 원하지 않았던 형태로 변화할 수도 있습니다.

직접적인 원인이 무엇인지 증명되지 않은 상태이기 때문에 제대로 된 논리성이 존재하지 않아 신뢰성이 많이 떨어지는 편이다

 

인과관계 (causality)

인과관계란 특정한 사건이 다른 사건에 직접적으로 영향을 주는 것을 말한다. 즉 한 변수의 변화가 다른 변수의 변화를 가져온다는 것을 의미한다. 예로 코로나 19 백신을 맞으면 면역력이 향상된다. 인과관계는 우리가 원하는 결과를 얻기 위해 원인을 조작하거나 ㅈ어할 수 있도록 해 줍니다. 

 

인과관계와 상관관계가 헷갈리는 것은 인과관계 속에 상관관계가 존재하기 때문이다둘 모두 A가 이렇게 변하면 B는 이렇게 변한다라고 주장한다. 그러나 인관관계는 그 속에 올바른 논리가 필요한 것이고, 상관관계는 그렇지 않다는 것에서 차이점이 존재한다.

 

https://jb-club.tistory.com/entry/What-is-the-difference-between-correlation-and-causality

 

What is the difference between correlation and causality?

Let me explain the difference between correlation and causality. Correlation and causality are concepts in statistics and research [that describe different relationships between variables]. Correlation: Correlation refers to a statistical measure [that qua

jb-club.kr

 

 

34.

Most mice in the wild are eaten or die before their life span of two years is over. They die from external causes, such as disease, starvation, or predators, not due to internal causes, such as aging. That is why nature has made mice to live, on average, for no longer than two years. Now we have arrived at an important point: The average life span of an animal species, or the rate at which it ages, is determined by ______________________________________________. That explains why a bat can live to be 30 years old. In contrast to mice, bats can fly, which is why they can escape from danger much faster. Thanks to their wings, bats can also cover longer distances and are better able to find food. Every genetic change in the past that made it possible for a bat to live longer was useful, because bats are much better able than mice to flee from danger, find food, and survive.

 

the distance that migrating species can travel for their survival

the average time that this animal species can survive in the wild

the amount of energy that members of the species expend in a day

the extent to which this species is able to protect its source of food

the maximum size of the habitat in which it and its neighbors coexist

 

 

수명에 영향을 주는 요인에 대한 글 내용으로 외부적 요인과 내부적 요인으로 나누고 외부적 요인이 수명에 더 많은 영향을 끼치는 동물의 세계에 대해 언급하고 있다. 동물의 종들은 내부적 요인보다는 외부적 요인에 의해 수명이 영향을 받고 있다고 생각을 하고 글 내용을 파악한 후 선택지에 답안을 찾아 보면 된다.