2025학년도 수능대비 EBS 수능특강 유형편 18강 장문독해 (1)

2025학년도 수능특강 18강 장문독해 (1) 문제들을 Keywords, phrases, clauses, sentences을 찾은 후 글의 내용 파악해서 문제풀이를 하겠습니다.

 

"When clicked, the image enlarges"

2024년 서울대 진학률이 높은 고등학교 전국 37개 학교

[Gate Way] [01~02] [지문]  다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

One way to avoid contributing to overhyping a story would be to say nothing. However, that is not a realistic option for scientists who feel a strong sense of responsibility to inform the public and policymakers and/or to offer suggestions. Speaking with members of the media has (a) advantages in getting a message out and perhaps receiving favorable recognition, but it runs the risk of misinterpretations, the need for repeated clarifications, and entanglement in never-ending controversy. Hence, the decision of whether to speak with the media tends to be highly individualized. Decades ago, it was (b) unusual for Earth scientists to have results that were of interest to the media, and consequently few media contacts were expected or encouraged. In the 1970s, the few scientists who spoke frequently with the media were often (c) criticized by their fellow scientists for having done so. The situation now is quite different, as many scientists feel a responsibility to speak out because of the importance of global warming and related issues, and many reporters share these feelings. In addition, many scientists are finding that they (d) enjoy the media attention and the public recognition that comes with it. At the same time, other scientists continue to resist speaking with reporters, thereby preserving more time for their science and (e) running the risk of being misquoted and the other unpleasantries associated with media coverage.

* overhype: 과대광고하다 ** entanglement: 얽힘

 

Keywords, phrases, clauses, sentences: One way to avoid contributing to overhyping a story would be to say nothing., scientists, sense of responsibility to inform, Speaking with members of the media, advantages, the risk, Hence, the decision of whether to speak with the media tends to be highly individualized.

 

글 내용: 한 이야기를 과장하는 것을 피하는 한 방법은 아무말도 하지 않는 것이다. 하지만 과학자 입장에서 대중들 또는 정책입안자들에게 제안를 하기 위해서는 현실적인 선택은 아니다. 그래서 과학자들이 미디어를 통해서 알려야 하는데 이 또한 장, 단점을 가지고 있어 미디어와 대화를 할건지에 대한 결정은 개별적이다라는 글 내용을 이해하면 답을 유추할 수 있을 것이다.

 

[문제] 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① The Troubling Relationship Between Scientists and the Media

② A Scientist’s Choice: To Be Exposed to the Media or Not?

③ Scientists! Be Cautious When Talking to the Media

④ The Dilemma over Scientific Truth and Media Attention

⑤ Who Are Responsible for Climate Issues, Scientists or the Media?

 

[문제] 밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

① (a)         ② (b)         ③ (c)          ④ (d)          ⑤ (e)

 

[01~02] [지문] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

We trust our common sense largely because we are prone to naive realism: the belief that we see the world precisely as it is. We assume that ‘seeing is believing’ and trust our intuitive perceptions of the world and ourselves. In daily life, naive realism often serves us well. If you are driving down a one-lane road and see a tractor-trailer moving uncontrollably towards you at 120 kilometres per hour, it is a wise idea to get out of the way. Much of the time, we should (a) trust our perceptions. Yet appearances can sometimes be deceptive. The Earth seems flat. The sun seems to revolve around the Earth. Yet in both cases, our intuitions are (b) wrong.Sometimes, what appears to be obvious can mislead us when it comes to evaluating ourselves and others. Our common sense tells us that our memories (c) accurately capture virtually everything we have seen, although scientific research demonstrates otherwise. Our common sense also assures us that people who do not share our political views are biased, but that we are (d) objective. Yet psychological research demonstrates that we are all susceptible to evaluating political issues in a biased fashion. So our tendencies to believe appearances can lead us to draw (e) reliable conclusions about human nature. In many cases, ‘believing is seeing’ rather than the reverse: our beliefs shape our perceptions of the world.

* prone: (~의) 경향이 있는 ** deceptive: 판단을 그르치게 하는 *** susceptible: ~하기 쉬운

 

Keywords, phrases, clauses, sentences: We trust our common sense largely because we are prone to naive realism: the belief that we see the world precisely as it is. Yet appearances can sometimes be deceptive. ‘seeing is believing’, believing is seeing, our beliefs shape our perceptions of the world.

 

글 내용: 우리는 세상을 있는 그대로 보는 믿음 즉 본질 실재론이 있어 우리의 상식을 신뢰한다. 그러나 보이는 것이 기만이 될 수 있다. 즉 보이는 것이 믿는 것이 아니라 믿는 것이 보이는 것 즉 우리의 믿음은 세상에 대한 우리의 인식을 형성한다라는 글 내용을 이해하면 답을 유추할 수 있을 것이다.

 

[문제] 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① How Did Science Prove That the Earth Is Round?

② Comparison of Common Sense and Scientific Interpretation

③ Seeing Is Believing: Using Intuition to Make Better Decisions

④ Beyond Naive Realism: Is Our Perception of Reality Trustworthy?

⑤ When It Comes to Taking Risks, It’s Dangerous to Trust Your Instincts

 

[문제] 밑줄 친 (a)∼(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

① (a)         ② (b)         ③ (c)          ④ (d)          ⑤ (e)

 

[03~04] [지문] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

Some people claim that gratitude is just about thinking nice thoughts and expecting good things — and ignores the negativity, pain, and suffering in life. Well, they’re (a) wrong. Consider our definition of gratitude, as a specific way of thinking about receiving a benefit and giving credit to others besides yourself for that benefit. In fact, gratitude can be very difficult, because it (b) requires that you recognize your dependence on others, and that’s not always positive. You have to humble yourself, in the sense that you have to become a good receiver of others’ support and generosity. That can be very hard — most people are (c) better givers than receivers.

What’s more, feelings of gratitude can sometimes stir up related feelings of indebtedness and obligation, which doesn’t sound like positive thinking at all: If I am grateful for something you provided to me, I have to take care of that thing — I might even have to reciprocate at some appropriate time in the future. That type of indebtedness or obligation can be perceived very negatively — it can cause people real (d) comfort , as Jill Suttie explores in her essay “How to Say Thanks Without Feeling Indebted.”

The data bear this out. When people are grateful, they aren’t necessarily free of negative emotions — we don’t find that they necessarily have less anxiety or less tension or less unhappiness. Practicing gratitude magnifies positive feelings more than it (e) reduces negative feelings. If gratitude were just positive thinking, or a form of denial, you’d experience no negative thoughts or feelings when you’re keeping a gratitude journal, for instance. But, in fact, people do.

* indebtedness: 부채 ** reciprocate: (비슷한 것으로) 보답하다

 

Keywords, phrases, clauses, sentences: Some people claim that gratitude is just about thinking nice thoughts and expecting good things — and ignores the negativity, pain, and suffering in life. they’re wrong, In fact, gratitude can be very difficult,

 

글 내용: 사람들은 감사는 좋은 생각을 하고 좋은 일을 기대하는 것에 대한 것이고 부정적인 것, 고통, 괴로움을 무시한다. 그들은 틀렸다. 사실 감사는 매우 어려울 수 있다라는 글 내용을 이해하면 답을 유추할 수 있을 것이다.

 

[문제] 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① True Gratitude: Something Different from Debt

② Does the Gratitude of Others Truly Satisfy You?

③ Gratitude: Not an Absolute Form of Positive Thinking

④ The More Gratitude You Have, the More Benefits You Gain

⑤ Practice Gratitude to Please People Who Are Meaningful to You

 

[문제] 밑줄 친 (a)∼(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

① (a)         ② (b)         ③ (c)          ④ (d)          ⑤ (e)

 

[05~06] [지문] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

In all social systems, it is true that people’s behavior is influenced by social rules and they are extraordinarily adaptable. One natural experiment involving baboons is instructive. A study in 2004 examined how a troop of baboons dominated by large and aggressive males changed after all those dominant males caught a disease and died. With only smaller, gentler males remaining, the culture of that troop underwent a (a) dramatic shift, moving from a social structure characterized by widespread bullying and fighting to one with much more peaceful grooming. Conflict was still there, of course, but it tended to be resolved with peaceful methods, and the fighting that did happen was more between (b) equally matched baboons, instead of a big one picking on a small one. Remarkably, the culture of that troop persisted even after all those original males had died off and were replaced by others coming in from outside. The new males were acculturated to the group norms, and learned to behave less (c) generously .

Obviously, humans are not baboons. But it seems highly possible that this is basically (d) similar to why different human societies can have much different behavioral norms — consider premodern tribes who worshiped their ancestors and shared food in common, medieval peasants who accepted the divine right of kings and performed free labor for feudal lords, and people today who believe in democracy and corporate employment contracts. Human societies have much more complexity and choice than baboon societies, but the point is that behavioral norms are to a great degree the (e) product of culture and learning, not the other way around.

* baboon: 개코원숭이 ** groom: (서로) 털 손질을 해 주다 *** feudal: 봉건 (시대의)

 

Keywords, phrases, clauses, sentences: people’s behavior is influenced by social rules and they are extraordinarily adaptable.

 

글 내용: 사람들의 행동은 사회적 규칙들에 의해 영향을 받고 그들은 적응력이 뛰어나다라는 글 내용을 이해하면 답을 유추할 수 있을 것이다.

 

[문제] 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① Power of Social Pressure in Decision Making

② The Fluidity of Human Behavior: Socially Constructed

③ Learn Different Cultures and Broaden Your Perspective!

④ Survival of the Friendliest: A Universal Feature of All Societies

⑤ A Blind Spot of the Baboon Experiment: Animal Rights Protection

 

[문제] 밑줄 친 (a)∼(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

① (a)         ② (b)         ③ (c)          ④ (d)          ⑤ (e)

 

[07~08] [지문] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

Not surprisingly, usage of unsafely designed and insecurely implemented software presents some risks. After distributed software reaches user sites, installation and administration of system and application software, when improperly performed, may adversely affect performance and proper functioning of such software. Due to the complexity as well as due to inadequate documentation of these systems, users (a) hardly understand effects of their attempts to “properly” use such systems. Consequently, users (b) disregard “trial and error” methods in learning to work with new features, rather than trying methodologically to understand which functions may have which effects, and which precautions should be taken to avoid unwished side-effects. This somewhat “explorative” way to use systems rather often leads to a (c) risky attitude with potentially harmful effects, e.g. by clicking on unknown attachments without due care.

Software manufacturers often argue that failure of software is mainly caused by (d) improper actions of users. But in many — if not most — cases, the human-computer interface (e.g. the display of functions and operations on the screen, or the handling of input devices such as mouse and keyboard) is inadequately designed and users are not properly supported by help functions (which when existing in many cases are so complex that users are further misled). While users are primarily interested in doing their work, one must admit that they rather often tend to (e) forget about any precaution and even sometimes bypass security measures when thinking that their work performance is reduced.

 

Keywords, phrases, clauses, sentences: usage of unsafely designed and insecurely implemented software presents some risks.

 

글 내용: 소프트웨어중에 안전하지 못하고 불안정한 것은 위험요소를 나타낸다라는 글 내용을 이해하면 답을 유추할 수 있을 것이다.

 

[문제] 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① What Are the Real Causes of Software Failures?

② How to Avoid Unsuccessful Software Implementation

③ Cyber Security: The Digital Dilemma for Manufacturers

④ What Can We Expect from New Software Developments?

⑤ Social Responsibility Impacts on Software Development Processes

 

[문제] 밑줄 친 (a)∼(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

① (a)         ② (b)         ③ (c)          ④ (d)          ⑤ (e)